Iranian State Actors Conduct Cyber Operations Against the Government of Albania

September 21, 2022Elle CeeDee

Cybersecurity
US-CERTUS-CERThttps://us-cert.cisa.gov/node/17991Iranian State Actors Conduct Cyber Operations Against the Government of Albania/ncas/alerts/aa22-264aWed, 21 Sep 2022 13:00:00 EDT
Iranian State Actors Conduct Cyber Operations Against the Government of Albania

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Today, CISA, Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the National Security Agency (NSA), Multi-State Information Sharing and Analysis Center (MS-ISAC), and the Israel National Cyber Directorate (INCD) released the Guide to Securing Remote Access Software . This new joint guide  is the result of a collaborative effort to provide an overview of legitimate uses of remote access software, as well as common exploitations and associated tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs), and how to detect and defend against malicious actors abusing this software. Remote access software provides organizations with a broad array of capabilities to maintain and improve information technology (IT), operational technology (OT), and industrial control system (ICS) services; however, malicious actors often exploit this software for easy and broad access to victim systems. CISA encourages organizations to review this joint guide  for recommendations and best practices to implement in alignment with their specific cybersecurity requirements to better detect and defend against exploitation. Additionally, please refer to the additional information below on guidance for MSPs and small- and mid-sized businesses  and on malicious use of remote monitoring and management software in using remote software and implementing mitigations.CISAraw:29a01da034e761a584f134911218c6e7 – 2023-06-06T17:36:55.000Z
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CISA released two Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on June 6, 2023. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS. ICSA-23-157-01 Delta Electronics CNCSoft-B DOPSoft ICSA-23-157-02 Mitsubishi Electric MELSEC iQ-R Series/iQ-F Series CISA encourages users and administrators to review the newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations.CISAraw:22bb5ea1dd7fd9e1b20d572704a93e86 – 2023-06-06T15:43:21.000Z
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1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CVSS v3 7.8 ATTENTION:  Low attack complexity Vendor:  Delta Electronics Equipment:  CNCSoft-B DOPSoft Vulnerabilities:  Stack-based Buffer Overflow, Heap-based Buffer Overflow 2. RISK EVALUATION Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to exploit a buffer overflow condition and remotely execute arbitrary code. 3. TECHNICAL DETAILS 3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS The following versions of CNCSoft-B DOPSoft, a human machine interface (HMI), are affected: CNCSoft-B DOPSoft: versions 1.0.0.4 and prior 3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW 3.2.1 STACK-BASED BUFFER OVERFLOW CWE-121 Delta Electronics’ CNCSoft-B DOPSoft versions 1.0.0.4 and prior are vulnerable to stack-based buffer overflow, which could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code. CVE-2023-25177 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H ). 3.2.2 HEAP-BASED BUFFER OVERFLOW CWE-122 Delta Electronics’ CNCSoft-B DOPSoft versions 1.0.0.4 and prior are vulnerable to heap-based buffer overflow, which could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code. CVE-2023-24014 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.8 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H ). 3.3 BACKGROUND CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS:  Critical Manufacturing COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED:  Worldwide COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION:  Taiwan 3.4 RESEARCHER Natnael Samson (@NattiSamson), working with Trend Micro’s Zero Day Initiative, reported these vulnerabilities to CISA. 4. MITIGATIONS Delta Electronics has released and recommends users to download CNCSoft-B DOPSoft v4.0.0.82 or later. CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. Specifically, users should: Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure they are not accessible from the Internet . Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolate them from business networks. When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as its connected devices. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures. CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics . Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies . Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies . Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents. CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks: Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages. Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams. Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks. No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities. These vulnerabilities are not exploitable remotely.CISAraw:b680c393c7275eb37bf471123cfc534d – 2023-06-06T14:50:09.000Z
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